Transforming Education for the Digital Future: Human Capital Formation in Developing Regions

Abstract

This study examines how digital education can transform human capital formation in developing regions, addressing the question of how technology-enabled learning can reduce educational inequities and prepare learners for the digital economy. Using a systematic literature review of several studies published up to 2023, the analysis synthesizes evidence on the impact, challenges, and enabling factors of digital education initiatives. The findings reveal that technology-supported programs, when integrated with pedagogy, teacher training, and institutional support, can significantly enhance learning outcomes and skill development. However, persistent barriers such as inadequate infrastructure, socioeconomic disparities, and limited policy coherence hinder equitable access. The discussion highlights the importance of embedding technology adoption within holistic education strategies. The study concludes that inclusive, well-resourced, and context-specific digital education policies are critical for maximizing human capital gains in developing regions.