Systematic Literature Review on Gig Economy Regulation and Worker Welfare

Abstract

The gig economy has become a defining feature of modern labor markets, offering flexibility and new income opportunities through platform-based work. However, this shift has also generated significant regulatory and welfare concerns for gig workers. This study conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of several peer reviewed articles published between last five years to examine the state of research on gig economy regulation and its implications for worker welfare. The findings reveal three dominant themes: the persistent legal ambiguity in worker classification, the rise of algorithmic management and its impact on autonomy and job security, and the divergent regulatory responses across countries. Although some jurisdictions have implemented reclassification or hybrid policy models, the overall global response remains fragmented. Moreover, there is limited evidence that existing regulations have resulted in lasting improvements in worker welfare. This review highlights the urgent need for adaptive, inclusive, and enforceable policy frameworks that respond to the evolving nature of digital labor and actively involve workers in shaping the future of work.