Remote Work, Productivity, and Labour Policy: An Systematic Literature Review in the Global Context

Abstract

The global expansion of remote work has reshaped traditional labour models, productivity dynamics, and regulatory frameworks across various regions. This study presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to examine the relationship between remote work, productivity outcomes, and labour policy adaptations in a global context. Findings suggest that while remote work offers notable benefits such as increased flexibility, reduced commuting, and enhanced autonomy its impact on productivity is uneven, contingent upon job types, organizational culture, and digital infrastructure. Moreover, prolonged remote arrangements raise concerns regarding employee well being, work life balance, and mental health. The review also reveals that existing labour policies are often inadequate for addressing emerging challenges such as digital surveillance, the right to disconnect, and equitable access to remote opportunities. The paper emphasizes the urgent need for adaptive labour regulations and organizational strategies that promote inclusivity, safeguard worker rights, and leverage remote work as a sustainable tool for future employment. This study contributes a comprehensive understanding of how remote work is transforming labour systems and highlights directions for future research and policymaking