The Quality of Democracy in the Digital Era: A Normative Juridical Study

Abstract

Digital transformation has fundamentally reshaped the nature of democracy and electoral governance. This study aims to analyze the quality of democracy in the era of technological disruption through a normative juridical approach, focusing on the relevance and application of three key legal frameworks: Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections, Law No. 11 of 2008 jo. No. 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions, and Law No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information Disclosure. Findings reveal that while these regulations remain relevant as the foundation of digital democracy, they face significant limitations in adapting to technological changes. Major challenges include weak cyber oversight, overlapping norms, and low levels of digital legal literacy. Therefore, legal reconstruction that is responsive, transparent, and grounded in digital public ethics is needed to strengthen justice, participation, and the protection of citizens’ digital rights. Digital legal reform thus becomes essential to sustain democratic substance in the technological era.