Disaster Governance Models within the National Regulatory Framework

Abstract

This article examines disaster governance by analyzing the interaction between regulatory frameworks and institutional practices, with particular emphasis on Law No. 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management, which serves as the primary national legal foundation. Using a literature-based approach, the study explores how regulatory mandates are translated within a decentralized system, especially in terms of coordination, institutional capacity, and the integration of mitigation into spatial planning. The findings reveal that although Law No. 24/2007 provides a comprehensive formal structure, its implementation remains constrained by disparities in local capacity, uneven resource allocation, and insufficient cross-sectoral harmonization. Moreover, the absence of integrated risk information systems and limited participatory mechanisms hinders efforts to reduce community vulnerability in a sustainable manner. These results underscore the need for policy reconstruction that prioritizes adaptive governance, strengthens institutional competencies, and enhances central–local synergy to ensure that the regulatory framework effectively contributes to improving disaster resilience.