Constitutional Right to Personal Data Protection in the Era of Internet of Everything (IoE)

Abstract

The Internet of Everything (IoE) era brought a major transformation in connectivity, integrating humans, processes, data, and physical objects into an interconnected digital ecosystem. These developments, while offering efficiency and innovation, also pose serious challenges related to the protection of personal data as part of citizens' constitutional rights. This literature study aims to analyze the legal framework, technological developments, institutional capacity, and the level of digital literacy of the community in ensuring the protection of personal data in Indonesia. The results of the study show that although Law No. 27 of 2022 provides a strong legal basis, implementation challenges still arise in the form of technology costs, literacy gaps, and cross-sector and cross-border coordination. The application of technologies such as encryption, privacy by design, blockchain, and edge computing is considered to strengthen protection, but requires adaptive regulatory support and multi-stakeholder collaboration. This study recommends a holistic, sustainable, and public awareness-based approach to ensure that personal data protection remains guaranteed amid the acceleration of IoE.