Transformation of the Indonesian Legal System: Challenges, Opportunities, and Innovations Based on Public Participation

Abstract

The Indonesian legal system is the result of a blend between customary law, religious law, and European law, which has continuously evolved from the pre-colonial era to the independence period. This development presents complex challenges, including legal pluralism, overlapping regulations, and the need for adaptation to social, economic, and technological changes. In Yogyakarta, for instance, legal pluralism and societal dynamics demand a more responsive and participatory legal system. The gap between regulations and societal needs highlights the necessity of integrating technology into legal processes and developing policies based on public participation. This study emphasizes the importance of assisting policymakers in understanding effective innovative mechanisms through public consultations, the use of technology, and effective communication. Using a normative approach, this research analyzes the legal framework, implementation challenges, and opportunities for legal innovation in Indonesia. The findings indicate that integrating technology and enhancing public participation can strengthen transparency, accountability, and the relevance of the legal system in meeting societal needs.