Green Education in Science Learning for Science Literacy and Climate Issues

Abstract

Scientific literacy is an essential 21st-century skill that helps individuals think critically, solve problems, and adapt to the rapid development of science and technology. At the elementary school level, scientific literacy plays a crucial role in equipping students with an understanding of scientific concepts, developing 21st-century skills, and preparing them to face global issues such as climate change. Climate change has tangible impacts on students’ daily lives, ranging from health and education to their surrounding environment. Therefore, the integration of environmental issues in science learning is essential to foster awareness, empathy, and a sense of responsibility from an early age. Green education emerges as a framework that connects sustainability concepts, environmentally friendly practices, and the formation of environmentally responsible character. This study employs a literature review method to analyze strategies of science learning based on green education in elementary schools. The findings indicate that contextual approaches, the teacher’s role as facilitator, and direct environment-based activities effectively enhance scientific literacy, build scientific attitudes, and strengthen students’ 21st-century skills