International Business Strategy in Facing Global Disruption: Literature Review and Qualitative Analysis

Abstract

The era of globalization has opened vast opportunities for companies to expand into international markets; however, the increasingly uncertain dynamics of the global business environment have triggered various forms of disruption. The pandemic, geopolitical crises, changes in international regulations, and the advancement of disruptive technologies have become major challenges to the sustainability of international business strategies. This study aims to analyze international business strategies in responding to global disruptions through a qualitative approach based on a review of secondary sources. Data were obtained from academic literature, industry reports, and publications from international organizations, which were then thematically analyzed to identify patterns of adaptive strategies. The findings indicate that the success of international business strategies in facing disruptions relies on three main pillars: business model flexibility, adoption of digital technologies, and strengthening of global networks. This study provides a conceptual contribution to the development of an adaptive strategy framework in an era of global uncertainty, while also serving as a practical reference for business practitioners seeking to maintain competitive advantage in international markets.